{"id":1764,"date":"2016-10-21T11:28:18","date_gmt":"2016-10-21T08:28:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/?p=1764"},"modified":"2020-07-07T14:09:49","modified_gmt":"2020-07-07T11:09:49","slug":"ingilizce-kelime-turetme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/ingilizce-kelime-turetme\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130ngilizce Kelime T\u00fcretme: Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k Harflerden \u0130ngilizce Kelime Bulma"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">Uzun zamand\u0131r \u0130ngilizce \u00f6\u011frenmekte olan herkes bilir: \u0130ngilizce\u2019de kelime da\u011farc\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z yeterli de\u011filse, dilbilgisi bilseniz de konu\u015famaz, okuduklar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 anlayamazs\u0131n\u0131z. Y\u0131llarca \u201ctense\u201d kurallar\u0131n\u0131 ezberleyip, hangi ek ne t\u00fcr bir durumda kullan\u0131l\u0131r \u00f6\u011frendikten sonra kelime bilgisi yeterli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u0130ngilizcenizi kullanamamak s\u0131k duydu\u011fumuz bir \u015fikayet. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Peki y\u0131llar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 verip okullarda \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fimiz dilbilgisini kullanabilecek kelime da\u011farc\u0131\u011f\u0131 edinmek kolay m\u0131? Elbette de\u011fil. Kelime ezberlemek, dil \u00f6\u011frenmenin en zor k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131ndan biri. Ama \u0130ngilizce kelime t\u00fcretme eklerini biliyor olsayd\u0131k, haz\u0131rda ezbere bildi\u011fimiz kelimeleri bu eklerle ba\u015fka kelimelere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrebilir, kelime da\u011farc\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 katlayarak artt\u0131rabilirdik.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\"><span class=\"s1\">Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda \u0130ngilizce kelime t\u00fcretmek i\u00e7in gereken ve s\u0131k\u00e7a denk gelece\u011finiz kelime t\u00fcretme eklerine de\u011finece\u011fiz. Bu ekleri \u00f6\u011frendikten sonra sadece kelime t\u00fcretmekle kalmayacak, ayn\u0131 zamanda okuma metinlerinde bilmedi\u011finiz bir kelime g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fczde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ekler yard\u0131m\u0131yla kelimenin anlam\u0131n\u0131 tahmin edebileceksiniz.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"s1\">\u0130ngilizce Kelime T\u00fcretme Ekleri<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\"><strong>co\u00a0(= ile)<\/strong><br \/>\ncooperate, coordinate <\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\"><strong>contra\u00a0(= -e kar\u015f\u0131, ayk\u0131r\u0131 )<\/strong><br \/>\ncontradict, contravene<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\"><strong>de\u00a0(= remove yani \u201cbir \u015feyi tekrar etmek\u201d)<\/strong><br \/>\nderegulate, deselect<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\"><strong>dis\u00a0(= not yani \u00f6n\u00fcne getirildi\u011fi fiilin, s\u0131fat\u0131n ya da ismin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir ek)<\/strong><br \/>\ndisappear (appear birden ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmak, yoktan var olmak gibi bir anlama sahiptir)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\"><strong>il\u00a0(= not yani \u00f6n\u00fcne getirildi\u011fi fiilin, s\u0131fat\u0131n ya da ismin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir ek)<\/strong><br \/>\nillegal (legal \u201cyasal\u201d iken illegal \u201cyasal olmayan\u201d, \u201cyasad\u0131\u015f\u0131\u201d demektir)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\"><strong>im\u00a0(= not yani \u00f6n\u00fcne getirildi\u011fi fiilin, s\u0131fat\u0131n ya da ismin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir ek)<\/strong><br \/>\nimmaterial, immature (\u201cmature\u201d olgun anlam\u0131ndayken \u201cimmature\u201d olgun olmayan anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\"><strong>inter\u00a0(= aras\u0131nda)<\/strong><br \/>\ninternational (nation \u201cmillet\u201d anlam\u0131na gelirken international \u201cmilletleraras\u0131, uluslararas\u0131\u201d anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\"><strong>mis(= bir \u015feyi yanl\u0131\u015f, hatal\u0131 yapmak)<\/strong><br \/>\nmisinform, misbehave, misunderstand (inform: bilgi vermek anlam\u0131ndayken, misinform: yanl\u0131\u015f bilgilendirme anlam\u0131na gelir)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\"><strong>multi\u00a0(= birden fazla)<\/strong><br \/>\nmultinational (nation ulus, millet anlam\u0131ndayken multinational \u00e7ok uluslu anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\">multicultural, multipurpose<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><strong><span class=\"s1\">un (= \u00f6n\u00fcne geldi\u011fi kelimenin tam tersi anlam\u0131 katar)<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\">unusual, undemocratic, undemanding, unwilling, unenthusiastic <\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\"><strong>non\u00a0(= \u00f6n\u00fcne geldi\u011fi kelimenin tam tersi anlam\u0131 katar)<\/strong><br \/>\nnon-profit (profit kar anlam\u0131ndayken non-profit kar amac\u0131 g\u00fctmeyen anlam\u0131 kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\"><strong>out\u00a0(= \u00f6n\u00fcne geldi\u011fi fiile a\u015f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k anlam\u0131 katar, olu\u015fan kelime bir \u015feyi di\u011ferlerinden daha iyi yapma anlam\u0131na gelir)<\/strong><br \/>\noutperform, outdone (done, do fiilinin \u00e7ekimi halidir, outdone bir \u015feyi di\u011fer herkesten daha iyi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n anlam\u0131na gelir)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\"><strong>over\u00a0(=\u00f6n\u00fcne geldi\u011fi fiili gere\u011fin fazla yapm\u0131\u015f olma anlam\u0131 katar)<\/strong><br \/>\noversleep, overwork (sleep uyumak anlam\u0131na gelirken oversleep fazla uyumak, uyuyakalmak ve bir yere ge\u00e7 kalmak anlam\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\"><strong>post\u00a0(= sonra)<\/strong><br \/>\npostpone, postnatal (natal do\u011fum anlam\u0131ndayken postnatal do\u011fum sonras\u0131 anlam\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\"><strong>pre\u00a0(= \u00f6nce)<\/strong><br \/>\npredict, preview (predict kelimesi \u00f6nceden bilmek, tahmin etmek anlam\u0131na gelir, preview ise \u00f6n inceleme anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\"><strong>re\u00a0(= tekrar)<\/strong><br \/>\nrewrite, relive, redo (write yasmak anlam\u0131ndayken rewrite tekrar yapmak anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\"><strong>sub\u00a0(= alt\u0131nda)<\/strong><br \/>\nsubmarine, subtitles (marine deniz ile ilgili bir kelimeyken submarine denizalt\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\"><strong>super\u00a0(= \u00f6n\u00fce geldi\u011fi kelimenin daha geli\u015fmi\u015f bir versiyonu)<\/strong><br \/>\nsupermarket<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\"><strong>uni\u00a0ya da mono (= bir, tek)<\/strong><br \/>\nuniform (form kelime olarak \u00e7e\u015fit anlam\u0131na gelir, uniform ise \u00fcniforma yani tek \u00e7e\u015fit k\u0131yafet demektir)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\">monorail, monolingual<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\"><strong>under\u00a0(= gereken miktar\u0131n alt\u0131nda)<\/strong><br \/>\nunderpaid, underfed (paid \u00f6demek anlam\u0131ndaki pay kelimesinin \u00e7ekimlenmi\u015f halidir, underpaid gereken miktar\u0131n alt\u0131nda \u00f6deme almak demektir)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"s1\">\u0130simlerin Sonlar\u0131na Ek Getirerek Kelime T\u00fcretme<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\">er \/- or: bir fiili icra eden ki\u015fi anlam\u0131 katar<br \/>\nadviser \/ advisor (nasihat etmek anlam\u0131na gelen advise fiilini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren ki\u015fi: dan\u0131\u015fman) teacher, learner<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\">ian: bir fiili icra eden ki\u015fi anlam\u0131 katar<br \/>\noptician, mathematician<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\">ment: bir fiilin sonucunu ifade etmekte kullan\u0131l\u0131r<br \/>\nadvancement, improvement (geli\u015fmek anlam\u0131na gelen improvement kelimesinden geli\u015fmek fiilinin sonucu \u201cgeli\u015fme\u201d kelimesini ifade eder)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\">ism: bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce sistemine verilen ad<br \/>\nrealism, optimism (iyimserlik)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\">ist: bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce sistemine inanan ki\u015fi<br \/>\nrealist, optimist (iyimser)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"s1\">\u0130simden Fiil T\u00fcretme Ekleri<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\">ify<br \/>\nfalsify (false: yanl\u0131\u015f, falsify: yalanlama, yanl\u0131\u015flama)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\">ise<br \/>\nmodernize (modern: modern, modernize: modernize etmek, daha modern hale getirmek)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"s1\">\u0130simden S\u0131fat T\u00fcretmek<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\">ic<br \/>\nidiotic, periodic (period: d\u00f6nem, periodic: d\u00f6nemsel olarak)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\">proof \/ resistant (\u00f6n\u00fcne geldi\u011fi kelimeye dayan\u0131kl\u0131)<br \/>\nwaterproof, childproof, fireproof (water: su, waterproof: suya dayan\u0131kl\u0131)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\">free (birlikte kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kelimenin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir)<br \/>\nalcohol free beer (alkols\u00fcz i\u00e7ecek), nuclear free zone (n\u00fckleer maddesiz alan)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p4\"><span class=\"s1\">less: without (birlikte kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kelimenin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir)<br \/>\nhopeless, childless (clild: \u00e7ocuk, childless: \u00e7ocuksuz)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"s1\">Conversion: \u0130smi Fiil, Fiili \u0130sim Yapmak<\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"p7\"><span class=\"s1\">Yukar\u0131daki listedeki eklerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, bir de \u201cconversion\u201d dedi\u011fimiz bir t\u00fcr vard\u0131r ve bu t\u00fcrde yeni kelime t\u00fcretimi herhangi bir ek ekleyerek ya da \u00e7\u0131kararak de\u011fil, kelimenin kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirerek yap\u0131l\u0131r. Mesela normalde isim olarak kullan\u0131lan \u201ctext\u201d kelimesi, fiil olarak da kullan\u0131labilmekte ve \u201ccep telefonu ile mesajla\u015fmak\u201d anlam\u0131 kazanmaktad\u0131r. Ya da normalde \u201cpreposition\u201d olan \u201cup\u201d ve \u201cdown\u201d kelimelerinin isim haline getirilmesi gibi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p8\"><span class=\"s1\">&#8211; She is a bit late, can you text her? <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p8\"><span class=\"s1\">&#8211; All companies have their ups and downs, don\u2019t worry about it.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"s1\">Compounding: Kelime K\u00f6klerini Birle\u015ftirerek Kelime T\u00fcretmek<\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"p9\"><span class=\"s1\">Yukar\u0131da bahsetti\u011fimiz \u201cconversion\u201d \u00f6rne\u011finin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bir de \u201ccompounding\u201d yani 2 ya da daha fazla kelime k\u00f6k\u00fcn\u00fc birle\u015ftirerek elde etti\u011fimiz kelimeler vard\u0131r. Mesela bebek bak\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelen \u201cbabysitting\u201d kelimesi asl\u0131nda \u201cbaby\u201d ve \u201csit\u201d kelimelerinin birle\u015ftirilmesiyle olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Ya da \u201ckalp k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131, \u00e7ok \u00fczen\u201d anlam\u0131ndaki \u201cheartbreaking\u201d s\u0131fat\u0131 da asl\u0131nda \u201cheart\u201d ve \u201cbreaking\u201d kelimelerinin birle\u015ftirilmesiyle olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Daha bilinen isim \u00f6rneklerine ise otopark anlam\u0131na gelen \u201ccar park\u201d ve rock grubu anlam\u0131na gelen \u201crock band\u201d kelimelerini verebiliriz.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Uzun zamand\u0131r \u0130ngilizce \u00f6\u011frenmekte olan herkes bilir: \u0130ngilizce\u2019de kelime da\u011farc\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z yeterli de\u011filse, dilbilgisi bilseniz de konu\u015famaz, okuduklar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 anlayamazs\u0131n\u0131z. Y\u0131llarca \u201ctense\u201d kurallar\u0131n\u0131 ezberleyip, hangi ek ne t\u00fcr bir durumda kullan\u0131l\u0131r \u00f6\u011frendikten<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1714,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[341],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1764","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ingilizce-dersleri"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1764","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1764"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1764\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1714"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1764"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1764"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1764"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}