{"id":2124,"date":"2016-11-15T20:32:46","date_gmt":"2016-11-15T18:32:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/?p=2124"},"modified":"2018-09-26T11:30:36","modified_gmt":"2018-09-26T08:30:36","slug":"superlatives-comparatives","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/superlatives-comparatives\/","title":{"rendered":"SUPERLATIVES AND COMPARATIVES \u2013 \u0130ngilizce \u00dcst\u00fcnl\u00fck ve Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma S\u0131fatlar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda birbiriyle s\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan iki karde\u015f konudan bahsedece\u011fiz: Superlatives ve Comparatives. \u201cKarde\u015f\u201d kelimesini kulland\u0131m \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu iki konu adeta bir ikiz gibi, ama ikizlerimiz tek de\u011fil \u00e7ift yumurta ikizleri yani aralar\u0131nda benzerlikler \u00e7o\u011funlukta olsa da asl\u0131nda farkl\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Konuyu bol bol \u00f6rnekle detayland\u0131rmadan \u00f6nce gelin biraz ikizlerimizden bahsedelim. \u00d6nce ikizlerimizi tan\u0131yal\u0131m ki nerede nas\u0131l kullan\u0131l\u0131rlar, form\u00fclleri nelerdir yava\u015f yava\u015f derinlere inebilelim.<\/p>\n

\u0130kizlerimizden ilki olan \u201ccomparatives\u201d anlam\u0131n\u0131 \u0130ngilizce\u2019deki \u201ccompare\u201d yani iki nesneyi ya da herhangi ba\u015fka \u015feyi birbiriyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmak anlam\u0131na gelen kelimeden al\u0131yor. K\u0131saca,\u201dcomparative\u201d asl\u0131nda \u201ckar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 demek.<\/p>\n

\u0130kizlerimizden ikincisi olan \u201csuperlatives\u201d anlam\u0131n\u0131 Latince\u2019deki bir \u015feylerin \u00f6tesinde, ilerisinde olmak anlam\u0131na gelen \u201csuperlativus\u201d kelimesinden al\u0131yor. Tabi biz bu Latince kelimeyi akl\u0131m\u0131zda tutmak zorunda de\u011filiz, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc dilimize ge\u00e7mi\u015f \u201cs\u00fcper\u201d kelimesi zaten \u201csuperlatives\u201d konusunun anlam\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlamam\u0131zda bize yard\u0131mc\u0131 oluyor.<\/p>\n

Ufak bir tekrar, \u201ccomparatives<\/strong>\u201d \u201ccompare\u201d kelimesinden geliyor ve iki \u015feyi (nesne olur, ki\u015fi olur fark etmez) birbiriyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor<\/strong>. \u201cSuperlatives<\/strong>\u201d ise \u201cs\u00fcper\u201d kelimesiyle alakal\u0131 ve bir kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma yapm\u0131yor, enleri anlatmada kullan\u0131l\u0131yor<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\u0130kizleri anlamada son bir ufak not: ikisi de sona \u201c-s\u201d tak\u0131s\u0131 alm\u0131\u015f \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu gramer konusunda kullan\u0131lan bir\u00e7ok kelime var ve konu ad\u0131 \u00e7o\u011ful kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Asl\u0131nda ikizlerimiz \u201ccomparative\u201d ve \u201csuperlative\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u0130kizlerimizi yeteri kadar anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131za g\u00f6re gelelim form\u00fcl ve \u00f6rneklere. Fakat unutmay\u0131n, yukar\u0131daki anlamlar\u0131 bilmeniz \u00f6rnek bilmeseniz de sizi bir ad\u0131m \u00f6ne ta\u015f\u0131r \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc hangisinin ne anlamda kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015f oldunuz.<\/p>\n

\"black-and-white-sport-fight-boxer\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Comparatives<\/strong><\/h2>\n

K\u00f6keni \u201ccompare\u201d yani kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmak olan bu konumuzda dikkat etmemiz gereken tek bir nokta var: biz bu yap\u0131y\u0131 sadece ama sadece iki \u015feyi birbiriyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken<\/strong> kullan\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n

Mesela diyelim ki bir kaplandan bile h\u0131zl\u0131 ko\u015fan bir arkada\u015f\u0131m\u0131z var. \u0130\u015fte biz b\u00f6yle sosyal biriyiz, arkada\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z da inan\u0131lmaz insanlar. Bir arkada\u015f toplant\u0131s\u0131nda az\u0131c\u0131k b\u00f6b\u00fcrlenmek istedik ve \u201cBenim arkada\u015f\u0131m kaplandan h\u0131zl\u0131 ko\u015far\u201d demek istedik. Nas\u0131l deriz?<\/p>\n

    \n
  • My friend runs faster than a tiger.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Biz burada ne yapt\u0131k? \u0130ki \u015feyi (bu \u00f6rne\u011fimizde bunlar iki canl\u0131, biri arkada\u015f\u0131m\u0131z \u00f6teki de herhangi bir kaplan) h\u0131z durumunda birbiriyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131k. Peki form\u00fcl\u00fcm\u00fcz ne o zaman?<\/p>\n

    Comparatives Form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/strong><\/h2>\n
      \n
    • \u0130sim (\u00f6zne durumunda) + fiil + kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 s\u0131fat yani comperative s\u0131fat\u0131m\u0131z +than<\/em>\u00a0+ isim (nesne ama obje anlam\u0131nda nesne de\u011fil, c\u00fcmlenin nesnesi anlam\u0131nda nesne).<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u00d6rne\u011fimizdeki \u201cmy friend\u201d 1. \u0130smimiz ve \u00f6zne olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, sonra bu \u00f6znemizin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 fiil yani \u201cko\u015fmak\u201d gelmi\u015f, ondan sonra da \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir kelimemiz olan \u00a0ve \u201cdaha\u201d anlam\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan \u201cthan\u201d gelmi\u015f ve hemen ard\u0131ndan da ilk ismimizi kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z di\u011fer yani 2. \u0130smimiz gelmi\u015f.<\/p>\n

      Daha fazla \u00f6rnek yapal\u0131m ve yukar\u0131daki form\u00fcl\u00fc kendimiz tespit etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fal\u0131m:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Her house is larger than mine.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Onun evi benim evimden daha b\u00fcy\u00fck.<\/p>\n

          \n
        • His mobile phone is better than Jane\u2019s mobile phone.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Onun cep telefonu Jane\u2019in cep telefonundan daha iyi.<\/p>\n

          Bu verdi\u011fimiz \u00f6rnekler form\u00fcl\u00fc tespit etmesi kolay olanlardan. Bir de i\u00e7inde \u201cgizli than\u201d olan c\u00fcmleler var ki onlar biraz daha kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k. \u201cThan\u201d c\u00fcmlede a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fclmese de gizli olarak var ve form\u00fcl bu t\u00fcrden c\u00fcmlelerde de ge\u00e7erli.<\/p>\n

            \n
          • Mark and Steven are both my friends, but I like Mark better (than Steven).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            Mart ve Steven\u2019\u0131n ikisi de benim arkada\u015f\u0131m, ama ben Mark\u2019\u0131 (Steven\u2019dan) daha \u00e7ok seviyorum.<\/p>\n

              \n
            • Let\u2019s go from this way, it is quicker (than the others).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              Bu yoldan gidelim, bu yol daha h\u0131zl\u0131 \u2013 daha k\u0131sa s\u00fcrer (di\u011fer yollardan daha k\u0131sa, di\u011fer yollara k\u0131yasla daha h\u0131zl\u0131 gidilir bu yoldan).<\/p>\n

              Superlatives<\/strong><\/h2>\n

              Dilimizde de kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z, bir \u015feyin di\u011ferlerinden daha \u201c\u00fcst\u00fcn\u201d oldu\u011fu anlatmakta kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u201cs\u00fcper\u201d kelimesiyle anlam olarak yak\u0131n olan \u201csuperlatives\u201d konusu da tam da s\u00fcper gibi bir konu: bir \u015feyin di\u011fer her \u015feyden daha iyi, g\u00fczel ya da k\u00f6t\u00fc oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylerken, yani enleri anlat\u0131rken kullan\u0131yoruz<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

              Bu da bir nevi kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma asl\u0131nda, sonu\u00e7ta comperatives ve superlatives konular\u0131 ikiz karde\u015f gibiler. AMA <\/strong>superlatives\u2019de iki \u015feyi birbiriyle kar\u015f\u0131lat\u0131rm\u0131yoruz, bir tek \u015feyi di\u011fer her \u015feyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p o \u015feyin ne kadar \u00fcst\u00fcn<\/strong> oldu\u011funu belirtiyoruz.<\/p>\n

              Yine ayn\u0131 \u00f6rnekten ilerleyelim. Arkada\u015f\u0131m\u0131z neydi? Bir kaplandan daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ko\u015fard\u0131. Bunu \u00f6nceki konuda \u201cMy friend runs faster than a tiger\u201d diyerek anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131k.<\/p>\n

              Ama \u015fimdi arkada\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kaplanla falan kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131yoruz, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc arkada\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n h\u0131z konusunda en s\u00fcperi oldu\u011funa inan\u0131yoruz. Benim arkada\u015f\u0131m en h\u0131zl\u0131 ko\u015fand\u0131r demek istiyoruz. Nas\u0131l deriz?<\/p>\n

                \n
              • My friend runs the fastest of any creature in the world!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                Burada kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma yapt\u0131k m\u0131? Yapt\u0131k. AMA iki \u015feyi birbiriyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmad\u0131k, bir tek \u015feyi di\u011fer her \u015feyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131k ve ne kadar \u00fcst\u00fcn, ne kadar s\u00fcper oldu\u011funu vurgulad\u0131k<\/u>. Gelelim form\u00fcl\u00fcm\u00fcze.<\/p>\n

                Superlatives Form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                  \n
                • \u0130sim (\u00f6zne durumunda) + fiil + <\/strong>the<\/strong> + s\u00fcperlik yani \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck belirtici s\u0131fat\u0131m\u0131z, superlative s\u0131fat\u0131m\u0131z + isim (c\u00fcmlede nesne konumunda).<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  \u00d6rne\u011fimizdeki arkada\u015f\u0131m\u0131z \u00f6yle normal bir arkada\u015f de\u011fil, s\u00fcper bir arkada\u015f, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc o di\u011fer herkesten daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ko\u015fuyor, yani en h\u0131zl\u0131 ko\u015fan ki\u015fi o! My friend kahraman\u0131m\u0131z, ko\u015fmak fiilimiz, \u201cthe\u201d superlative konumuzun y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131 ve \u201cany creature\u201d yani herhangi bir varl\u0131k, canl\u0131 ibaremiz de arkada\u015f\u0131m\u0131zdan daha yava\u015f ko\u015fan di\u011fer herkes.<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • Her house is the largest of all the houses on the street.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    Onun evi sokaktaki evlerin en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc.<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • His mobile phone is the best I have ever seen.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      Onun cep telefonu \u015fimdiye kadar g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm t\u00fcm telefonlar aras\u0131nda en iyisi.<\/p>\n

                      T\u0131pk\u0131 \u201ccomparatives\u201d gibi \u201csuperlatives\u201d konusunda da form\u00fcle tam\u0131 tam\u0131na uymayan, ak\u0131l kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6rnekler bolca mevcut.<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      • I have many friends, but Mark is the best.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                        Benim bir s\u00fcr\u00fc arkada\u015f\u0131m var, ama Mark en iyisi.<\/p>\n

                          \n
                        • Let\u2019s go from this way, it\u2019s the quickest!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                          Bu yoldan gidelim, bu yol en h\u0131zl\u0131s\u0131!<\/p>\n

                          Yaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n sonuna geldik. Hemen ufak bir tekrar yapal\u0131m: comparative iki \u015feyi kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken<\/strong> kullan\u0131l\u0131yor ve c\u00fcmlede \u201cthan<\/strong>\u201d ge\u00e7iyor. Superlative bir \u015feyin di\u011fer \u015feylere olan \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc<\/strong>, s\u00fcperli\u011fini belirtirken, enleri anlatmada kullan\u0131l\u0131yor ve c\u00fcmlede \u201cthe<\/strong>\u201d ge\u00e7iyor. \u0130\u015fte bu kadar, bu iki konu da cepte.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                          Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda birbiriyle s\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan iki karde\u015f konudan bahsedece\u011fiz: Superlatives ve Comparatives. \u201cKarde\u015f\u201d kelimesini kulland\u0131m \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu iki konu adeta bir ikiz gibi, ama ikizlerimiz tek de\u011fil \u00e7ift yumurta ikizleri<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2125,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[341],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2124","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ingilizce-dersleri"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2124","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2124"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2124\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2125"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2124"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2124"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2124"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}