{"id":9791,"date":"2019-11-02T09:49:58","date_gmt":"2019-11-02T06:49:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/?p=9791"},"modified":"2020-02-29T15:05:20","modified_gmt":"2020-02-29T12:05:20","slug":"ingilizce-hayatiismet-inonu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/ingilizce-hayatiismet-inonu\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130ngilizce \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn Hayat\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mustafa \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc, Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde albay, Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde orgeneral ve eski Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131\u2019d\u0131r. Cumhuriyetin ilan\u0131ndan sonra T\u00fcrkiye’nin ilk ba\u015fbakan\u0131, ikinci cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131, \u0130stiklal Madalyas\u0131 sahibi asker ve siyaset\u00e7idir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

CHP\u2019nin d\u00fczenledi\u011fi kurultay sonras\u0131nda kendisine “Mill\u00ee \u015eef” unvan\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc, Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131’na kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve Lozan Antla\u015fmas\u0131’n\u0131 imzalam\u0131\u015f, bir\u00e7ok defa ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k g\u00f6revinde bulunmu\u015ftur. 1925-1937 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda 12 y\u0131ll\u0131k kesintisiz ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k yapm\u0131\u015f olmakla birlikte, toplam 17 y\u0131l 11 ay ile T\u00fcrkiye’de cumhuriyet tarihinin en uzun s\u00fcreli ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k yapm\u0131\u015f ismidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019s Life\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Mustafa \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc was a colonel during the Ottoman period, and the general and former Chief of General Staff during the Republican period. After the proclamation of the Republic of Turkey’s first prime minister and second president, medal winner is a soldier and politician.<\/span><\/p>\n

After the congress organized by the CHP, he was given the title of “National Chief”. \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc participated in the War of Independence and signed the Lausanne Treaty and served as prime minister many times. While the prime minister has done 12 years of uninterrupted agreement between the years 1925-1937, a total of 17 years and 11 months is made with the longest name the prime minister in the history of the republic in Turkey.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aile ve Erken D\u00f6nem Hayat\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc, 24 Eyl\u00fcl 1884 tarihinde \u0130zmir’de Re\u015fit Efendi ile Cevriye Temelli Han\u0131m’\u0131n ikinci o\u011fullar\u0131 olarak d\u00fcnyaya gelmi\u015ftir. \u0130lk \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 Ahmet Mithat ve ikinci olan \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Hasan R\u0131za ve Hayri Temelli adl\u0131 iki o\u011fullar\u0131; Seniha Okatan adl\u0131 bir k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Family and Early Life<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc was born on 24 September 1884 in \u0130zmir as the second son of Re\u015fit Efendi and Cevriye Temelli Han\u0131m. Apart from their first child Ahmet Mithat and his second son \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc, his two sons, Hasan R\u0131za and Hayri Temelli; They had a daughter named Seniha Okatan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Okul Hayat\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc, ilk ve orta \u00f6\u011frenimini Sivas’ta tamamlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1895 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sivas M\u00fclkiye \u0130dadisi’ne kay\u0131t yapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve 1896’da buradan mezun olmu\u015ftur. Sonra, 1897 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130stanbul’da yer alan M\u00fchendishane \u0130dadisi’ne gitmi\u015ftir. 14 \u015eubat 1901’de M\u00fchendishane-i Berr-i H\u00fcm\u00e2yun\u2019a girip 1 Eyl\u00fcl 1903 tarihinde top\u00e7u te\u011fmeni olarak mezun olmu\u015ftur. 26 Eyl\u00fcl 1906 tarihinde Erk\u00e2n-\u0131 Harbiye Mektebini ba\u015far\u0131yla birincilikle bitirerek kurmay y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131 r\u00fctbesiyle Edirne’deki 2. Ordu’nun 8. Top\u00e7u Alay\u0131\u2019nda staj\u0131n\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

School Life<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc completed his primary and secondary education in Sivas. In 1895, he enrolled in Sivas Property Administration and graduated in 1896. Then, in 1897, he went to the M\u00fchendishane \u0130dadisi in Istanbul. He entered M\u00fchendishane-i Berr-i H\u00fcm\u00e2yun on 14 February 1901 and graduated on 1 September 1903 as an artillery lieutenant. He successfully completed the Erk\u00e2n-\u0131 Harbiye School on 26 September 1906 with the rank of staff captain and completed his internship at the 8th Artillery Regiment of the 2nd Army in Edirne.<\/span><\/p>\n

Askerlik Hayat\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n

1908 y\u0131l\u0131nda 2. S\u00fcvari F\u0131rkas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kurmay\u0131 olmu\u015f ve 31 Mart \u0130syan\u0131’nda Hareket Ordusu kararg\u00e2h\u0131nda bir g\u00f6revde yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1910’da 4. Kolordu kurmayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6revine getirilmi\u015f ve 1911’de Yemen Kuvayi M\u00fcrettebe Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kurmayl\u0131\u011f\u0131, ard\u0131ndan 26 Nisan 1912 tarihinde binba\u015f\u0131 r\u00fctbesine terfi etmi\u015ftir. 1912-1913 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Harbiye Nezareti’nde Ba\u015fkomutanl\u0131k Kararg\u00e2h\u0131 1. \u015eubede bulunmu\u015f ve \u0130kinci Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131 esnas\u0131nda \u00c7atalca Ordusu\u2019nun komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6revlendirilmi\u015ftir. Sava\u015ftan sonra \u0130stanbul Antla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalan\u0131rken Bulgarlar ile m\u00fczakere eden heyete asker\u00ee dan\u0131\u015fman olarak kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1914 y\u0131l\u0131nda Harbiye Naz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Erk\u00e2n-\u0131 Harbiye-i Umumiye Reisli\u011fi’ne atanan Enver Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ordunun yenile\u015ftirilmesi hareketinde etkin rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

29 Kas\u0131m 1914 tarihinde kaymakam olmu\u015f ve 2 Aral\u0131k 1914 tarihinde Genel Kararg\u00e2h 1. \u015eube M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc olarak atanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 9 Ekim 1915 tarihinde 2. Ordu Kurmay Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na getirilmi\u015f ve 14 Aral\u0131k 1915 tarihinde miralay r\u00fctbesine terfi etmi\u015ftir. I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Kafkas Cephesi’nde Kolordu Komutan\u0131 olarak, Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk ile birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 2. Ordu Komutan Vekili Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n \u00f6nerisiyle, 12 Ocak 1917 tarihinde 4. Kolordu Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’na atanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ard\u0131ndan Halep\u2019te 7. Ordu’nun olu\u015fturulmas\u0131nda g\u00f6rev alm\u0131\u015f ve 1 May\u0131s 1917 tarihinde Filistin Cephesi’nde 20. Kolordu komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, 20 Haziran’da 3. Kolordu komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na atanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u0131rada 7. Ordu’nun komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstlenen Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk ile yeniden bir arada \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Military Life<\/b><\/p>\n

In 1908 he became the founding member of the 2nd Cavalry Party and took part in the Army Headquarters in the March 31 Rebellion. In 1910, he was appointed as the staff of the 4th Corps, and in 1911, he was promoted to the command of Yemen Kuvayi Crew Command, and on 26 April 1912 he was promoted to the rank of major. Between 1912-1913, he was in the 1st Branch of the Commander-in-Chief of the Ministry of War and was assigned to the command of the \u00c7atalca Army during the Second Balkan War. After the war, when the Istanbul Treaty was signed, he joined the delegation negotiating with the Bulgarians as a military adviser. In 1914, Enver Pasha was appointed as the Minister of War and Chief of the Ministry of War and played an active role in the reform of the army initiated by Enver Pasha.<\/span><\/p>\n

He became the district governor on 29 November 1914 and on 2 December 1914 he was appointed as the Head of the General Headquarters. He was appointed as the Chief of Staff of the 2nd Army on 9 October 1915 and was promoted to the rank of heritage on 14 December 1915. During World War I, he worked as the Corps Commander on the Caucasian Front with Mustafa Kemal Pasha. On 12 January 1917, he was appointed as the commander of the 4th Corps upon the proposal of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, Deputy Commander of the 2nd Army. He then took part in the formation of the 7th Army in Aleppo, and on 1 May 1917 he was appointed commander of the 20th Corps at the Palestinian Front, and on 20 June he was appointed commander of the 3rd Corps. Meanwhile, he re-worked together with Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, who assumed command of the 7th Army.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/b><\/p>\n

Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n

24 Ekim 1918 tarihinde Harbiye Nezareti M\u00fcste\u015farl\u0131\u011f\u0131’na atanm\u0131\u015f ve Paris Bar\u0131\u015f Konferans\u0131 i\u00e7in haz\u0131rl\u0131k i\u00e7in kurulan komisyonda g\u00f6rev alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130lk kez 8 Ocak 1920 tarihinde Ankara’ya gitmi\u015f ve k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 9 Nisan 1920 tarihinde Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerine \u0130stanbul\u2019dan Ankara’ya gitmi\u015f ve \u0130stanbul ile b\u00fct\u00fcn resm\u00ee ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 koparm\u0131\u015f. 23 Nisan 1920 tarihinde a\u00e7\u0131lan T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi’ne Edirne milletvekili olarak kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 6 Haziran 1920 tarihinde \u0130stanbul’daki Divan-\u0131 Harp taraf\u0131ndan idam cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

4 May\u0131s 1921 tarihinde Bat\u0131 Cephesi Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na atand\u0131. Ancak 17 Temmuz 1921 tarihinde K\u00fctahya-Eski\u015fehir Muharebeleri’nde ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ma\u011flubiyet \u00fczerine TBMM taraf\u0131ndan Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6revinden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, yerine 3 A\u011fustos 1921 tarihinde ayn\u0131 zamanda Ba\u015fvekil ve Mill\u00ee Savunma Vekili de olan Fevzi Pa\u015fa getirilmi\u015ftir. Daha sonra Sakarya Meydan Muharebesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda TBMM taraf\u0131ndan Meclis Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn Ba\u015fkomutanl\u0131\u011fa getirilmesi \u00fczerine ile Bat\u0131 Cephesi Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6revinde bulunmu\u015ftur. \u0130zmir’in geri al\u0131nmas\u0131ndan sonra Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan ate\u015fkes g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinde bulunmak \u00fczere g\u00f6revlendirilerek Mudanya’ya g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Independence War<\/b><\/p>\n

On October 24, 1918, he was appointed as the Undersecretary of the Ministry of War and served on the commission set up for the Paris Peace Conference. He first went to Ankara on January 8, 1920 and worked with Mustafa Kemal Pasha for a short time. On April 9, 1920, upon the call of Mustafa Kemal Pasha, he went from Istanbul to Ankara and severed all his official ties with Istanbul. opened on April 23, 1920, Turkey has participated in Edirne deputy to the National Assembly. On 6 June 1920 he was sentenced to death by the Divan-\u0131 Harp in Istanbul.<\/span><\/p>\n

On May 4, 1921, he was appointed Commander of the Western Front. However, on 17 July 1921, he was dismissed from his position as the Chief of the General Staff by the Turkish Grand National Assembly upon his defeat in the K\u00fctahya-Eski\u015fehir Battles. Later, during the Battle of Sakarya, he was appointed as the Commander-in-Chief of the Parliament by Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk, the Speaker of the Turkish Grand National Assembly. After the recapture of Izmir, Mustafa Kemal Pasha was assigned to Mudanya for the cease-fire negotiations.<\/span><\/p>\n

Siyasal hayat\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc, Mill\u00ee M\u00fccadele’nin son a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131 temsil eden,\u00a0 3 Ekim – 11 Ekim 1922 tarihleri aras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen Mudanya M\u00fctarekesi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinde T\u00fcrk taraf\u0131n\u0131 temsil etmi\u015ftir. 26 Ekim 1922 tarihinde ise TBMM taraf\u0131ndan Hariciye Vekili se\u00e7ilmi\u015ftir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc, yeni devletin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve egemenli\u011fini onaylayan, Sevr Antla\u015fmas\u0131’n\u0131 ve Mondros M\u00fctarekesini ge\u00e7ersiz k\u0131lan Lozan Antla\u015fmas\u0131’n\u0131 imzalam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Political life<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc represented the Turkish side during the Mudanya Armistice negotiations, which took place between 3 October and 11 October 1922, representing the last stage of the National Struggle. On 26 October 1922, he was elected Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs by the Turkish Grand National Assembly. At the same time, \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc signed the Treaty of Sevres and the Treaty of Lausanne, which invalidated the independence and sovereignty of the new state and invalidated the Armistice of Sevres.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k<\/span><\/p>\n

29 Ekim 1923 tarihinde Cumhuriyet\u2019in ilan edilmesinden \u00f6ncesinde \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc, Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk ile siyasal i\u015fbirli\u011fi i\u00e7indeydi. \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc, 30 Ekim 1923 tarihinde T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin ilk h\u00fck\u00fcmetini kurmu\u015ftur ve ayn\u0131 zamanda Halk F\u0131rkas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 kurmu\u015f ve genel ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstlenmi\u015ftir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130lk ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k d\u00f6neminde Cumhuriyetin ilk devrimleri yap\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130lk ve orta \u00f6\u011fretimin birle\u015ftirilmesi, halifeli\u011fin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve Diyanet \u0130\u015fleri Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131 bu d\u00f6nemde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Muhalefet partisi olarak kurulan Terakkiperver Cumhuriyet F\u0131rkas\u0131’n\u0131n muhalefeti nedeniyle ba\u015fbakanl\u0131ktan istifa etmi\u015ftir. \u015eeyh Said \u0130syan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131 nedeniyle yeniden h\u00fck\u00fcmeti kurmakla g\u00f6revlendirilmi\u015ftir. Ayaklanman\u0131n bast\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda Ba\u015fbakan olarak \u00f6nemli rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1927 y\u0131l\u0131nda kendi iste\u011fiyle askerlikten emekli olmu\u015ftur.\u00a0 Bu tarihten sonra, yeni devletin olu\u015fumunda Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk ile birlikte en \u00f6nemli siyasal ki\u015filik olarak devleti y\u00f6netmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

1934 y\u0131l\u0131nda Soyad\u0131 Kanunu’nun y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesinden sonra Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk taraf\u0131ndan kendisine \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc soyad\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. 1924 y\u0131l\u0131ndan 1937 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k g\u00f6revini aral\u0131ks\u0131z s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Premiership<\/b><\/p>\n

Before the declaration of the Republic on 29 October 1923, \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc was in political cooperation with Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk. Ismet Inonu, established the first government of the Republic of Turkey on October 30, 1923, he founded the People’s Party and also assumed the chairmanship.<\/span><\/p>\n

During the first prime ministry, the first revolutions of the Republic began. It was during this period that primary and secondary education were united, the abolition of the caliphate and the establishment of the Presidency of Religious Affairs. He resigned from the Prime Ministry because of the opposition of Terakkiperver Cumhuriyet F\u0131rkas\u0131 which was established as an opposition party. Due to the start of Sheikh Said Rebellion, he was assigned to re-establish the government. He played an important role as Prime Minister in suppressing the uprising. He retired from military service in 1927 voluntarily. After this date, together with Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk in the formation of the new state ruled the state as the most important political personality.<\/span><\/p>\n

After the surname law came into force in 1934, he was given the surname \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc by Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk. From 1924 to 1937, he served as prime minister.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00c7ok Partili Hayat<\/b><\/p>\n

10 Kas\u0131m 1938 tarihinde Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00fczerine, 11 Kas\u0131m 1938 tarihinde ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc toplanan TBMM taraf\u0131ndan cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na se\u00e7ilmi\u015ftir. 26 Aral\u0131k 1938 tarihinde toplanan CHP I. Ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc Kurultay\u0131’nda partinin “de\u011fi\u015fmez genel ba\u015fkan\u0131” se\u00e7ilmi\u015f ve kendine “Mill\u00ee \u015eef” unvan\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7ilmesinden hemen sonra ba\u015flayan II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6neminde, \u00fclkeyi sava\u015ftan uzak tutmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Varl\u0131k Vergisi uygulamas\u0131 hayata ge\u00e7irilmi\u015ftir. Yine bu d\u00f6nemde Hasan \u00c2li Y\u00fccel’in \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki K\u00f6y Enstit\u00fcleri kurulmu\u015ftur. Bu enstit\u00fcler y\u0131llar sonra kapat\u0131lana kadar 20.000 \u00f6\u011frenci k\u00f6y \u00f6\u011fretmeni olarak yeti\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neminde m\u00fczi\u011fe \u00f6zel yetene\u011fi olan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015ftaki \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n bu konuda iyi bir e\u011fitim almas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 Harika \u00c7ocuklar Yasas\u0131 ile \u0130dil Biret ve Suna Kan gibi sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n yeti\u015fmesinde \u00f6nemli rol\u00fc olmu\u015ftur.<\/span><\/p>\n

1945 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurulan Mill\u00ee Kalk\u0131nma Partisi’nden sonra 1946 y\u0131l\u0131nda Demokrat Parti\u2019nin kurulmas\u0131yla bir se\u00e7im atmosferi olmu\u015ftur. 1946 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ilk \u00e7ok partili se\u00e7imde “a\u00e7\u0131k oy, gizli tasnif” metodu kullan\u0131ld\u0131 ve CHP bu se\u00e7imlerde iktidar\u0131n\u0131 devam ettirmi\u015ftir. 1950 se\u00e7imlerinin ard\u0131ndan iktidar Demokrat Parti\u2019nin eline ge\u00e7mi\u015f ve \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc bu tarihten itibaren Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 ve ana muhalefet partisi genel ba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak devam etmi\u015ftir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Presidential and Multi-Party Life<\/b><\/p>\n

Following the death of Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk on 10 November 1938, he was elected as the president by the Turkish Grand National Assembly on 11 November 1938. At the First Extraordinary General Assembly of the Republican People’s Party (CHP), which was held on 26 December 1938, he was elected as the mez constant leader genel of the party and was given the title of Mill National Chief “.<\/span><\/p>\n

1.During World War II, he tried to keep the country away from war. Wealth Tax application was implemented. In this period, the Village Institutes under the leadership of Hasan \u00c2li Y\u00fccel were established. These institutes trained 20,000 students as village teachers until they were closed years later. In addition, during the presidency of the Children with a special talent in music to ensure that children get a good education on this issue, the Great Children Act and the role of artists such as \u0130dil Biret and Suna Kan has played an important role.<\/span><\/p>\n

After the National Development Party, which was established in 1945, there was an election atmosphere with the establishment of the Democratic Party in 1946. In the first multiparty election held in 1946, the “open ballot, secret classification” method was used and the CHP maintained its power in these elections. After the 1950 elections, the ruling Democratic Party was taken over and \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc continued as President and leader of the main opposition party.<\/span><\/p>\n

27 May\u0131s Darbesi<\/b><\/p>\n

1960’lara gelindi\u011finde CHP ile DP aras\u0131ndaki tart\u0131\u015fmalar daha da artt\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere CHP’nin ileri gelen \u00fcyelerine sald\u0131r\u0131lar d\u00fczenlenmesi ve \u00e7e\u015fitli siyasal sorunlar nedeniyle 27 May\u0131s 1960 tarihinde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bir askeri darbe ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. DP, 1960 y\u0131l\u0131nda 27 May\u0131s Darbesiyle iktidardan uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p yeni anayasa kabul edildikten sonra, 15 Ekim 1961 se\u00e7imlerinde CHP tek ba\u015f\u0131na iktidar olacak \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu sa\u011flayamasa da, en y\u00fcksek oyu alan parti oldu\u011fundan, 24 y\u0131l sonra yeniden ba\u015fbakan olarak h\u00fck\u00fcmeti kurmakla g\u00f6revlendirilmi\u015ftir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

May 27 Coup<\/b><\/p>\n

In the 1960s, the debate between the CHP and the DP increased. In addition, due to the issuance attacks on leading members, especially Inonu CHP and various political problems in Turkey on 27 May 1960 a military coup took place. After the DP was removed from power with the May 27 coup in 1960 and the new constitution was adopted, the CHP was not the only party to win the majority in the elections of October 15, 1961, but was appointed as the prime minister 24 years later, since it was the party with the highest votes.<\/span><\/p>\n

CHP’den ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 ve Cumhuriyet Senatosu<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk Silahl\u0131 Kuvvetleri’nin 12 Mart 1971 tarihindeki m\u00fcdahalesinden sonra, CHP’nin tutumu konusunda parti i\u00e7inde \u00f6nemli g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ayr\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 belirmi\u015f ve \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc, B\u00fclent Ecevit ile anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011fa d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu anla\u015fmazl\u0131k sonucu partiden istifa eden B\u00fclent Ecevit\u2019e parti \u00fcyeleri engel olmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc, B\u00fclent Ecevit\u2019e destek vermi\u015f ve Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi\u2019nden istifa etmi\u015ftir. 4 Kas\u0131m 1972 tarihinde CHP \u00fcyeli\u011finden, 14 Kas\u0131m 1972 tarihinde de milletvekilli\u011finden istifa etmi\u015ftir. Daha sonra ise eski Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 s\u0131fat\u0131yla Cumhuriyet Senatosu’nda g\u00f6rev alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Resign from the CHP and Republican Senate<\/b><\/p>\n

After the intervention of the Turkish Armed Forces on 12 March 1971, significant differences of opinion appeared within the party regarding the CHP’s position and \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc disagreed with B\u00fclent Ecevit. B\u00fclent Ecevit, who resigned from the party as a result of this dispute, tried to prevent the members of the party. Therefore, \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc supported B\u00fclent Ecevit and resigned from the Republican People’s Party. He resigned from the CHP membership on 4 November 1972 and from the Parliament on 14 November 1972. Later, he served as the former President of the Republic Senate.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fc<\/b><\/p>\n

25 Aral\u0131k 1973 Sal\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fc, Pembe K\u00f6\u015fk’te, saat 16.05’te 89 ya\u015f\u0131nda vefat etmi\u015ftir. 28 Aral\u0131k 1973 tarihinde Bakanlar Kurulu karar\u0131 ve d\u00f6nemin Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Fahri Korut\u00fcrk’\u00fcn de kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 devlet t\u00f6reni ile Ankara An\u0131tkabir’de Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn mezar an\u0131t\u0131n\u0131n tam kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda topra\u011fa verilmi\u015ftir. An\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc Hat\u0131ralar\u0131m, Gen\u00e7 Subayl\u0131k Y\u0131llar\u0131, 1884-1918 (1968) ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda toplam\u0131\u015f, ayr\u0131ca \u00e7e\u015fitli tarihlerdeki s\u00f6ylev ve deme\u00e7lerini i\u00e7eren \u0130smet Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n Siyasi ve \u0130\u00e7timai Nutuklar\u0131, 1920-1933 (1933), \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Diyor ki (1944), \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc’n\u00fcn S\u00f6ylev ve Deme\u00e7leri I, 1920-1946 (1946) gibi kitaplar\u0131 yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

His Death<\/b><\/p>\n

He passed away on Tuesday, December 25, 1973, at the Pink Pavilion at 4:15 pm, at the age of 89. On December 28, 1973, with the decision of the Council of Ministers and the state ceremony attended by the then President Fahri Korut\u00fcrk, he was buried in the mausoleum of Atat\u00fcrk in Ankara. Some of his memoirs are Memories, Young Officer Years, 1884-1918 (1968), which includes various speeches and statements of various dates \u0130smet Pasha’s Political and Social Speeches, 1920-1933 (1933), \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Says (1944), \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc ‘s Discourses and Expressions I, 1920-1946 (1946).<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mustafa \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc, Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde albay, Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde orgeneral ve eski Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131\u2019d\u0131r. Cumhuriyetin ilan\u0131ndan sonra T\u00fcrkiye’nin ilk ba\u015fbakan\u0131, ikinci cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131, \u0130stiklal Madalyas\u0131 sahibi asker ve siyaset\u00e7idir.\u00a0 CHP\u2019nin d\u00fczenledi\u011fi kurultay<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9792,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2384],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9791","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ingilizce-hayati"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9791","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9791"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9791\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9792"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9791"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9791"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.konusarakogren.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9791"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}